Connotations and purposes

Split screen is where the screen is split to show what’s happening else where at the same time.

Intellectual montage is when a series of images that are unrelated when put together create meaning.

Flashback/flashforward is where there is scene in the past or future to show important information.

Graphic match is when there is an image with a certain shape and it dissolves into something with the same shape.

Dissolve transition is when one image fades into another. Could connote a flashback or change in time.

Wipe transition is the image is wiped off the screen.

Fade transitions are where it fades from black to white or white to black. 

Audio-visual form and sound: 

Sound: 

Diegetic/non-diegetic- from in the story (talking)/ added over the visuals (background music)

Sound perspective- The feel of it, how far it feels from the audience 

Internal diegetic- Sound that is thoughts (when we hear what the characters thinking) 

Voice over/narration- When someone is talking over the scene

Synchronous/Asynchronous- In time/ not in time

Contrapuntal- When the the music contradicts the image so they don’t match (links to Sergei Eisenstein intellectual montage)

Sounds- most films sound and dialogue is added in post production

Sound is built in layers. Sometimes hundreds of layers.

Synch and wild sounds - diegetic 

Dialogue and sound effects can be broken into a category which relates to the picture reference that is used during their creation.

Sync sound is sound that is recorded with reference to pictures, e.g. dialogue, location sound effects. This is often replaced later often with ADR and sounds are replaced by sound effects.

Wild sound is sound that is recorded separately but synchronised with the film.

Dialogue tells the characters story. Exposition is dialogue explained to the audience. 

Sound effects- Can be recorded live on location, created by sound designer, pre recorded from sound libraries. 

When a sound is made from physicals implements they are called foley effects. 

Sound bridges are continuity editing technique that are used to hide the editing. The sound of music from one scene carries over into the following scene. This helps link two scenes together whilst also distracting the audience so the cut is less noticeable.

Music/connotations:

Incidental music/score- music that matches an incident to manipulate the audiences emotions.

Themes- music used to identify something such as a character, place or idea or even the films signature music.

Soundtrack-

Manipulate audience emotions

Create rhythm and pace 

Establishing character (leitmotif)- a recurring musical idea which is associated with a particular idea, character or place. Leitmotifs are manipulated to match the action and mood of the scene. 

Identify things (themes) 

Add dramatic impact

Sound bridges